Vascular Drug Delivery Using Carrier Red Blood Cells: Focus on RBC Surface Loading and Pharmacokinetics.

Red blood cells (RBC) have great potential as drug delivery systems, capable of producing unprecedented changes in pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and immunogenicity.

Despite this great potential and nearly 50 years of research, it is only recently that RBC-mediated drug delivery has begun to move out of the academiclab and into industrial drug development. RBC loading with drugs can be performed in several ways-either via encapsulation within the RBC or surface coupling, and either ex vivo or in vivo-depending on the intended application.

In this review, we briefly summarize currently used technologies for RBC loading/coupling with an eye on how pharmacokinetics is impacted. Additionally, we provide a detailed description of key ADME (absorption, distribution, metabolism, elimination) changes that would be expected for RBC-associated drugs and address unique features of RBC pharmacokinetics.

BIO-X-ACT Short Mix, 2x
BIO-25026 500 Reactions Ask for price

BIO
1673-1
EUR 158

BIO
GL6265-1MG 1 mg
EUR 126

BIO
GL6265-25MG 25 mg
EUR 447

BIO
GL6265-5MG 5 mg
EUR 195

BIO-acetoxime
B5488-25 25 mg
EUR 374

BIO-acetoxime
B5488-5 5 mg
EUR 137

BIO-acetoxime
B5488-5.1 10 mM (in 1mL DMSO)
EUR 189

BIO 5192
B7741-10 10 mg
EUR 470
Description: BIO5192 is a small molecule inhibitor of integrin ?4?1 with an IC50 value of 1.8 ± 0.7 nM [1].Integrin ?4?1 is important in inflammatory processes.

BIO 5192
B7741-50 50 mg
EUR 1819
Description: BIO5192 is a small molecule inhibitor of integrin ?4?1 with an IC50 value of 1.8 ± 0.7 nM [1].Integrin ?4?1 is important in inflammatory processes.

BIO 1211
A8663-1 1 mg
EUR 324
Description: BIO 1211 is a selective and high affinity inhibitor of ?4?1 with IC50 value of 0.004uM [1].The leukocyte integrin ?4?1 mediates leukocyte recruitment, activation, apoptosis inhibition and mediator release, it plays an important role in inflammatory responses [1].

BIO-acetoxime
HY-15356 100mg
EUR 899

Azido-Cy5 tyramide
11061 1 mg
EUR 306
  • R-phrase: R20, R21, R22
  • H-Phrase: H303, H313, H333
  • Symbol for dangerous compounds: Xn
  • UNSPEC Code: 12171501

Bio-SAM b
ACT00202-100 100µg
EUR 543
Description: Biotin is conjugated to NH2 group of S-adenosylmethionine.

Bio-SAM a
ACT00202-50 50µg
EUR 319
Description: Biotin is conjugated to NH2 group of S-adenosylmethionine.

Bio-SAH b
ACT00302-100 100µg
EUR 543
Description: Biotin is conjugated to NH2 group of S-adenosylhomocysteine.

Bio-SAH a
ACT00302-50 50µg
EUR 319
Description: Biotin is conjugated to NH2 group of S-adenosylhomocysteine.

meter bio-electronic
C3050 ea
EUR 1197

Sealing film, qPCR Optical (sticky adhesive film) Bio-Rad Type, 100/pk
P1001-Q 100/pack
EUR 122.9
Description: Sealing film qPCR Optical (sticky adhesive film) Bio-Rad Type

Bio-6C-SAM 1b
ACT00203-100 100µg
EUR 728
Description: Biotin is conjugated to NH2 of SAM through 6-aminohexanoic acid.

Bio-6C-SAM 1a
ACT00203-50 50µg
EUR 416
Description: Biotin is conjugated to NH2 of SAM through 6-aminohexanoic acid.

Bio-6C-SAH 1b
ACT00303-100 100µg
EUR 806
Description: Biotin is conjugated to NH2 of SAH through 6-aminohexanoic acid.

Bio-6C-SAH 1a
ACT00303-50 50µg
EUR 475
Description: Biotin is conjugated to NH2 of SAH through 6-aminohexanoic acid.

Bio-12CN-SAH 1a
ACT00305-10 10µg
EUR 202
Description: Biotin is conjugated to NH2 of SAH through a 10-carbon and 2-nitrogen linker.

Bio-12CN-SAH 1c
ACT00305-100 100µg
EUR 923
Description: Biotin is conjugated to NH2 of SAH through a 10-carbon and 2-nitrogen linker.

Bio-12CN-SAH 1b
ACT00305-50 50µg
EUR 533
Description: Biotin is conjugated to NH2 of SAH through a 10-carbon and 2-nitrogen linker.

BIO-11006 acetate salt
HY-106377A 10mM/1mL
EUR 821

pTT3- CD109- bio- His
PVT10241 2 ug
EUR 301

GSK-3 Inhibitor IX (BIO)
B1538-10 10 mg
EUR 168
Description: GSK-3 inhibitor IX (BIO) is a potent, selective, cell-permeable, ATP-competitive and reversible inhibitor of GSK-3? (glycogen synthase kinase-3?) and GSK-3? (lycogen synthase kinase-3?) (IC50 = 5nM for GSK-3?).

GSK-3 Inhibitor IX (BIO)
B1538-5.1 10 mM (in 1mL DMSO)
EUR 174
Description: GSK-3 inhibitor IX (BIO) is a potent, selective, cell-permeable, ATP-competitive and reversible inhibitor of GSK-3? (glycogen synthase kinase-3?) and GSK-3? (lycogen synthase kinase-3?) (IC50 = 5nM for GSK-3?).

GSK-3 Inhibitor IX (BIO)
B1538-50 50 mg
EUR 512
Description: GSK-3 inhibitor IX (BIO) is a potent, selective, cell-permeable, ATP-competitive and reversible inhibitor of GSK-3? (glycogen synthase kinase-3?) and GSK-3? (lycogen synthase kinase-3?) (IC50 = 5nM for GSK-3?).

Bio-6C-aza-SAM 1a
ACT00205-10 10µg
EUR 202
Description: Biotin is conjugated to the NH2 of aza-SAM through 6-aminohexanoic acid.

Bio-6C-aza-SAM 1c
ACT00205-100 100µg
EUR 933
Description: Biotin is conjugated to the NH2 of aza-SAM through 6-aminohexanoic acid.

Bio-6C-aza-SAM 1b
ACT00205-50 50µg
EUR 543
Description: Biotin is conjugated to the NH2 of aza-SAM through 6-aminohexanoic acid.

Bio-12CN-aza-SAM 1a
ACT00206-10 10µg
EUR 241
Description: Biotin is conjugated to the NH2 of aza-SAM through a 10-carbon and 2-nitrogen linker.

Bio-12CN-aza-SAM 1c
ACT00206-100 100µg
EUR 1030
Description: Biotin is conjugated to the NH2 of aza-SAM through a 10-carbon and 2-nitrogen linker.

Bio-12CN-aza-SAM 1b
ACT00206-50 50µg
EUR 631
Description: Biotin is conjugated to the NH2 of aza-SAM through a 10-carbon and 2-nitrogen linker.

kit c3050 bio-electronic agro
C3050A ea
EUR 1839

BIO, 6-Bromoindirubin-3′-Oxime
BC2001-001 1mg
EUR 182

BIO, 6-Bromoindirubin-3′-Oxime
BC2001-010 10 mg
EUR 313

BIO, 6-Bromoindirubin-3′-Oxime
BC2001-050 50 mg
EUR 840

ExoPure? Isolation Kit   (Bio Fluids)
K1241-10
EUR 697

ExoPure? Isolation Kit   (Bio Fluids)
K1241-2
EUR 403

Synapsin Blocking Peptide
33R-11061 50 ug
EUR 191
Description: A synthetic peptide for use as a blocking control in assays to test for specificity of Synapsin antibody, catalog no. 70R-12465

Tyr[0] Neurokinin A Antibody
11061-05011 150 ug
EUR 217

Tyr[0] Neurokinin A Antibody (Biotin Conjugate)
11061-05021 150 ug
EUR 276

Bio-Star Mastermix for probes (2X)
P120 100 rcs (2,5 ml)
EUR 94

Bio-Star Mastermix (2X) High-ROX
P140 100 rcs (2,5 ml)
EUR 102

Bio-Star Mastermix (2X) Low-ROX
P150 100 rcs (2,5 ml)
EUR 102

Bio-Star Mastermix with SYBR (2X) BLUE
Y220 100 rcs (2,5 ml)
EUR 94

MultiBox for Western blotting, 2 compartments, 85 x 85 x 30mm each (311/32 x 311/32 x 13/16 in.), for Novex Mini (8x8cm), Bio-Rad Mini (7x8cm) and others
B1212 6/pack
EUR 100.63
Description: Western Blot Boxes

Bio-Star Mastermix with SYBR (2X) no dye
Y210 100 rcs (2,5 ml)
EUR 89

Bio-Star Mastermix with SYBR (2X) High-ROX
Y240 100 rcs (2,5 ml)
EUR 102

Bio-Star Mastermix with SYBR (2X) Low-ROX
Y250 100 rcs (2,5 ml)
EUR 102

DISH,BIO ASSAY,SQUARE,LOW PROFILE,S,BK,5/20
431301 5/pk
EUR 197
Description: Lab Cell Culture; BioAssay Dishes

Biotin Labeling Kit
55R-BIO 1 mg
EUR 813
Description: Biotin labeling kit for IgG

SensiFAST Lyo-Ready No-ROX Mix, 2x
BIO-11060 10 x 10ml Ask for price

BIOTAQ DNA Polymerase
BIO-21040 500 Units Ask for price

IMMOLASE DNA Polymerase
BIO-21046 250 Units Ask for price

IMMOLASE DNA Polymerase
BIO-21047 500 Units Ask for price

IMMOLASE DNA Polymerase
BIO-21048 5000 Units Ask for price

ACCUZYME DNA Polymerase
BIO-21051 250 Units Ask for price

ACCUZYME DNA Polymerase
BIO-21052 500 Units Ask for price

BIOTAQ DNA Polymerase
BIO-21060 2500 Units Ask for price

MangoTaq DNA Polymerase
BIO-21078 5000 Units Ask for price

MangoTaq DNA Polymerase
BIO-21082 2000 Units Ask for price

MangoTaq DNA Polymerase
BIO-21083 1000 Units Ask for price

VELOCITY DNA Polymerase
BIO-21098 250 Units Ask for price

VELOCITY DNA Polymerase
BIO-21099 500 Units Ask for price

MyTaq DNA Polymerase
BIO-21105 500 units Ask for price

MyTaq DNA Polymerase
BIO-21106 2500 units Ask for price

MyTaq DNA Polymerase
BIO-21107 5000 units Ask for price

MyTaq Red DNA Polymerase
BIO-21108 500 units Ask for price

MyTaq Red DNA Polymerase
BIO-21109 2500 units Ask for price

MyTaq Red DNA Polymerase
BIO-21110 5000 units Ask for price

MyTaq HS DNA Polymerase
BIO-21111 250 units Ask for price

MyTaq HS DNA Polymerase
BIO-21112 1000 units Ask for price

MyTaq HS DNA Polymerase
BIO-21113 2500 units Ask for price

MyTaq HS Red DNA Polymerase
BIO-21115 1000 units Ask for price

MyTaq HS Red DNA Polymerase
BIO-21116 2500 units Ask for price

MyFi DNA Polymerase
BIO-21117 250 Units Ask for price

MyFi DNA Polymerase
BIO-21118 500 Units Ask for price

MyFi DNA Polymerase
BIO-21119 2500 Units Ask for price

Ranger DNA Polymerase
BIO-21121 250 Units Ask for price

Ranger DNA Polymerase
BIO-21122 500 Units Ask for price

MyTaq Extract-PCR Kit
BIO-21126 100 Reactions Ask for price

MyTaq Extract-PCR Kit
BIO-21127 500 Reactions Ask for price

BioMix Red, 2x
BIO-25006 500 Reactions Ask for price

BioMix, 2x
BIO-25012 500 Reactions Ask for price

ImmoMix, 2x
BIO-25020 500 Reactions Ask for price

ImmoMix Red, 2x
BIO-25022 500 Reactions Ask for price

ACCUZYME Mix, 2x
BIO-25028 500 Reactions Ask for price

MangoMix, 2x
BIO-25033 250 Reactions Ask for price

MangoMix, 2x
BIO-25034 1000 Reactions Ask for price

MyTaq Mix, 2x
BIO-25041 200 Reactions Ask for price

MyTaq Mix, 2x
BIO-25042 1000 Reactions Ask for price

MyTaq Red Mix, 2x
BIO-25043 200 Reactions Ask for price

MyTaq Red Mix, 2x
BIO-25044 1000 Reactions Ask for price

As thorough understanding of pharmacokinetics is critical in successful translation to the clinic, we expect that this review will provide a jumping off point for further investigations into this area.